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(No Model.)

W. R. PEROE.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 2, 1883.

Fl ISM-l FIEISI INVENTEIRI WITNEESEEE.

N. PETERS. Pmgvmho n her. Wmhing'om D. C,

UNITED STATES;

PATENT OFFICE.

\VABREN R. PERGE, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 285,840,;dated October2, 1883.

Application filed February '7, 1883. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WARR N R. Prince, of the city and county ofProvidence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Typ ographs or Typeriting Machines; and I declare thefollowing to be a specification thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

Like letters indicate like parts.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved typewriter. Fig. 2 is a topplan of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Figs. 4 and 5 are detailviews.

In the drawings, A represents the base of the machine, supported at itsfour corners by feet B. Two parallel grooves, a a, are cutlongitudinallythrough said base A, and extend about two-thirds the length thereof. Aratchetbar, 0, extends longitudinally on the central line of the base A,about half the length there of.- At the right-hand end of the base, andon its central longitudinal line, is the printing-bed D, in shape likethe longitudinal section of a cylinder, and having its round surfaceuppermost. On each side of the printing-bed D are wires 72 b, fastenedat their ends to the base A and extending the whole length of theprintingbed D.

A sliding carriage, E, consisting of two long bars united atboth ends,moves longitudinally upon the base A, being held thereon by means ofscrews 0 0, the shanks of which pass through the baseAfrom below upthrough the grooves in a and into said bars. The carriage E sustains akey-board, F, which is hinged to it near its left-hand end by the hingesd d. Said key-board F thus forms a lever, and has a vertical motion,being normally elevated by the spiral spring 6.

At its free end the key-board F has a fixed standard, I G, which isstrengthened by a brace, H, and supports a type-wheel, I, which by thisconnection has a vertical movement. The

, type-wheel I turns upon an axis, f, and con- I, and on the line ofeach radius of the types,

respectively, is a pin, k, set at a right angle thereto. The wheel I isturned in the direc tionof the movement of the hands of a watch by thecord h. This cord, passing over said wheel in its groove, is fastenedtherein at one end, passes through a loop, t, and is drawn by thepointer or pencil J, attached to its free end. The reverse motionof thewheel, when the tension of the cord h is released,'is automaticallycaused by the uncoiling of a spring,

m, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3,) which is inserted in a suitablerecess on the back of the wheel I, and fastened at its inner end to thehub of said wheel, and at its outer end pinned to the standard G, nearthe edge thereof, at the point marked 2 in Fig. l. The standard G alsosupports an ink-wheel, K, which turns very loosely on its axis a. Theink-wheel should be made'of a heavy material, in order that it may bearwith sufficient weight upon the band of the type-wheel I. It has on itsperiphery a band, 0, of felt, which should be kept well saturated withan ink containing glycerine enough to keep it in a moist condition. Theink-wheel K revolves by friction upon the band of the type-wheel I, withwhich it is always in contact.

Along thefront of the key-board is the index L, having marked on it atregular intervals the letters and other characters which the machine canprint, and corresponding to each a V-shaped notch, M, is made in frontof said index L.

At the end of the carriage opposite to the type-wheel is the fixedcross-pieoe N, through the center of which the feeder 0 extendsvertically downward. This feeder 0 (shown in side elevation in Fig. 4,on section-line m of Fig. 2) consists of a bar, 1), supported by andtraveling between vertical posts, q, and having a disk-shaped head, 1*.At the lower end of the bar 1) is a swinging pawl, s, pivoted to saidbar, theouter end of which pawl freely engages with the ratchet O. Aspiral spring, t, confined between the head 4' and cross-piece N, keepsthe feeder O normallyin itselevated position. A stop-pin, it, limits theaction of said spring. When the carriage is withdrawn from right to leftinreturning, the pawl is raised by a trip or lever, o, the hand of theoperator in the. meanwhile seizing the knob 10.

The rise of the key-board F is limited by the post P, which extendsupward from the rear bar of the carriage E, passes through a slot ofsaid key-board, and has a cross-pin, a, at its top.

011 the front of the base A is the register Q. An indicator, R, fastenedto the front bar of the carriage E, as it moves with said carriage oversaid register, shows the progress of the machine as actuated by the feedmotion. Across the advancing end of the carriage E is the cross-bar S,having at its center a vertically-slotted guide, T, with a flaringmouth.

On the rear bar of the carriage E, and fastened to it, is the signal U,turning on a pinpivot fastened to its corner and entering said bar. Onthe base is the block V. As the carriage is advancing, the signal isdragged horizontally, as shown in Fig. 5, until the indicator R hastraveled, say, to 35 on the register, at which time the forward andpivoted end of the signal U is butted against the end of the block V.The next movement of the feeder causes the signal U to mount the block Vand to stand upright, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, in whichposition it continues during the remainder of the advance movement ofthe machine.

Having thus specified the parts of my improved type-writer, I willproceed to describe the operation of the machine.

The sheet of paper to be printed upon is passed under the wire'b, overthe printing-bed D, and under the wire I). It is there confinedsufficiently while a line is being printed upon it. To get the spacesbetween the lines I simply slide the paper forward with the hand thedesired distance. The paper freely slides over the printing-bed andbeneath the confiningwires. I use a printing-bed having a cylindricalsurface, because it will allow the contact of the type-wheel only at asingle point, and thus insures the impression of only the desiredletter, whereas a plane surface would receive the impression of portionsof the adjacent letters as well. The ink-wheel is saturated with inkapplied by a camels-hair brush to its felt band, and as it revolves incontact with the type it keeps them wet for printing. To get the lateralspacing between the letters I use the feeder O, which is operated by theforefinger of the left hand. In commencing to print a line the carriageshould be carried to the left as far as possible, bringing the indicatorR to the zero-point of the register Q. After each impression of theselected type, I depress the feeder O, which crowds the pawl 8 againstthe tooth of the ratchet-bar O, and forces the carriage and itsappurtenances to move forward one space along the grooves a a. Thefeeder 0, when relieved of the pressure of the hand, rises by the forceof the spring t, withdraws the pawl s from its former engagement untilit drops by its own gravity into the next tooth of the ratchet. Inprinting I hold the pointer like a pencil, with the right hand, andinsert its point in the slot M in front of the letter or character ofthe index Lwhich I wish to print. The pointer J pulls the cord h andcauses the type-wheel I to revolve until the type corresponding to theselected letter or character comes to the position indicated by k inFig. 3. As soon as the pointer has entered said slot and brought thedesired type to position, as described, I press with the pointer thekey-board F downward. The typepin 76 now descends into the vertical slotof the guide T, and prints upon the paper. As I lift the pointer J, thekey-board F rises by force of the spring 0, and the pin clears the slotof the guide T. The wheel I is then free again to revolve in eitherdirection, and I bring the pointer J to the notch M of the nextcharacter to be imprinted, still farther dragging the cord h if the nextletter is to the lefthand of that previously printed, or letting thewheel I reel in the cord h by the uncoiling of the spring m if the nextletter chosen is to the right-hand side of the letter last printed. Themotion in operating my machine is therefore the alternate depression ofthe left and right hands, the one descending as the other ascends, sothat I do not advance the machlne until after the type rises from thepaper, and I do not depress the type until after the feederhas-advanceda new space for the imprint. After a line is printed, I tripthe pawl s and move the carriage to the left for another line.

The use of the signal U is to automatically give the alarm that Iamapproaching the end of a linesay to within five spaces. As it flies upin front of the operator, he cannot help seeing it, without giving itany special attention, and he then knows whether he can finish his wordon that line or must divide it by a hyphen. If I desire to see anyportion of the printed page covered by the machine, I with draw the pin3 and bring the key-board F to a vertical position upon its hinges (I,thus exposing the whole length of the printing-bed.

It has been common hitherto to make the printing mechanism of atypewriter stationary and to have the paper fed to it by a carriage; butby making the printer to glide over the paper, as the hand of a writerdoes, I simplify the construction and obtain equally good results.

As the forward screws, 0 c, are inserted about midway the length of thecarriage, the forward ends of the carriage pass over the paper withoutobstruction when advanced by the feed-motion. 7

Instead of using a rubber type-band on a rigid printing-bed, I may usemetallic type upon an elastic printing-bed, obtaining color from aninterposed ink-ribbon; but as the type would be brought into position inthe same manner, it is obvious that such modification would be within myinvention.

Instead of a cord h, a small flexible chain may be preferred, as beingfree from all liability to stretching by repeated use.

I claim as a novel and useful invention and desire to secure by LettersPatent 1. In a type-writing machine, ahingedkeyboard, F, having avertical movement, and pro- 5 vided with an index, L, and notches M, and

supporting a type-wheel, I, which is turned by a cord, h, and pointer J,to bring a chosen type into position to print, such position beingobtained by the engagement of the end of 1 0 said pointer with theparticular notch M which corresponds with said chosen type,substantially as described. V

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the vertically-movablekey-board F,

15 having the index L and notches M M, the

type-wheel I, having the type-band g, spring m, cord h, and pointer J,and the friction inkwheel K, substantially as described.

.3. In atype-writing machine, the combina- 20 tion, with the base'A,having a printing-bed,

D, of a carriage, E, adaptedto be moved upon said base by means of apawl and ratchet, and a movable type-wheel, I, supported upon saidcarriage, substantially as described.

4. The base A, having a fixed ratchet, (i, in combination with thecarriage E and its crosspiece N, the bar 1), head r, spring t, pawl 8,

pin it, and posts q, arranged to advance the type-writing mechanism overthe printingbed, substantially as described.

5. The improved type-writer herein de scribed, consisting of the base A,having grooves a a, ratchet G, printing-bed D, and,

wires 1) b, the carriage E, screws 0 0, crosspieceN, the feeder O, thecross-bar 3, having slotted guide 'I, the hinged key-boardF, hav- W. B.W. HALLETT, DANIEL W. FINK.

